Statligt sanktionerad flerspråkighet för bebisar och deras vuxna: Litterär flerspråkighet i finländska babylådeböcker

State-Sanctioned Multilingualism for Babies and Their Adults: Literary Multilingualism in Finnish Baby Box Books

The baby books that, since the 1980s, are included in the Finnish state’s maternity packages distributed to every new-born child and their caregivers, are multilingual at heart. On pages of durable cardboard, a multilingual iconotext is realised as the two national languages Finnish and Swedish coexist with pictures on the spread. Lately, separate editions in the Sámi languages are also available. So far, there has been little literary research on these unique baby books. Hence, we seek to combine picturebook research with research in literary multilingualism to explore how these books handle multilingualism in relation to the materiality and multimodality of the picturebook medium. Our interest has been fuelled by the baby box books being a stately sanctioned and tailored book product that reaches about 30,000 Finnish families every year. In our article, we argue that a visual literary multilingualism is an essential trait of these books, and we suggest a typology for how multilingualism is realised within their multimodal format. Paying special attention to how the books deal with power hierarchies among the featured languages, we show that they employ a range of strategies to neutralise such hierarchies with greater or lesser success. Hence, we end up concluding that the books in the maternity package harbour a utopian and unproblematised view of multilingualism at odds with current societal debates.