Mechanism of drug-induced neurotoxicity and its management

The drugs with neurotoxic potential are named neurotoxins and they bring changes in the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems of the organisms. The neurotoxins can be antagonists or agonists with the receptors mediated toxicity to brain tissue. Neurotoxins can be antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, cardiovascular drugs, immunosuppressive agents, pesticides, alcohols, nanoparticles, and other agents. The neurotoxic potency of these drugs depends on their molecular structure and function. The knowledge of drug-induced neurotoxicity is necessary to enhance the protective approaches for neurodegenerative syndromes. This chapter focuses on the drug-induced neurotoxic effects manifested through various mechanisms and factors affecting toxicity. In addition, information on the preventive measures against neurotoxicity is also discussed.