Impact of bovine serum albumin in simulated body fluid on the dynamic dissolution behavior of bioactive glass S53P4

Simulated body fluid with and without bovine serum albumin (1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml) was used to study the impact of proteins on bioactive glass S53P4 reactions in vitro. The glass particles were exposed to dynamic and static solutions for up to 6 days. Also, a 3-day simulated body fluid pretreatment was done before an additional 3-day exposure to protein solutions. The solution with a higher protein concentration hindered calcium phosphate precipitation on samples in static conditions, whereas the protein did not affect calcium phosphate precipitation in dynamic conditions. Protein adsorbed slightly more on static samples. The protein concentrations suggested immediate adsorption in the dynamic experiments, implying that calcium phosphate is not needed for adsorption. The results indicated that in low protein concentration solutions in vitro, the protein might bind to calcium ions, thus affecting protein adsorption and calcium phosphate precipitation.