Biomimetic composite materials inspired by wood

In this chapter, both classical and emergent fields within the broad spectrum of biomimetic composites are addressed, as inspired by wood, plants and cellulose producing organisms in general. The hierarchical structure of wood is detailed in relation to high toughness material design. This is followed by a section on bioinspired natural fibre surface modifications for improved green composites. Strategies employed in synthetic biology and in the genetic engineering of woody organisms are then detailed. This is followed by considerations on biomimetic self-actuation. The penultimate section of the chapter concerns bioinspired architectural design, and this is followed by some final remarks by the chapter author, with an aim to more broadly contextualise the chapter contents.