Fast high-shear exfoliation of natural flake graphite with temperature control and high yield

Sara Lund; Jussi Kauppila; Saara Sirkiä; Jenny Palosaari; Olav Eklund; Rose-Marie Latonen; Jan-Henrik Smått; Jouko Peltonen; Tom Lindfors

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094

Fast high-shear exfoliation of natural flake graphite with temperature control and high yield

Sara Lund, Jussi Kauppila, Saara Sirkiä, Jenny Palosaari, Olav Eklund, Rose-Marie Latonen, Jan-Henrik Smått, Jouko Peltonen, Tom Lindfors^*

^*Tämän työn vastaava kirjoittaja

Tutkimustuotos: Lehtiartikkeli › Artikkeli › Tieteellinen › vertaisarvioitu

47 Sitaatiot (Scopus)

279 Lataukset (Pure)

Abstrakti

High-shear exfoliation of graphite is a cost-effective liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method for producing few-layer graphene dispersions. However, the drawbacks of LPE such as low graphene concentrations, long processing times and solvent residuals hamper the scalability of the process and applicability of the dispersions. Here, we demonstrate a fast graphene synthesis where concentrations as high as 3 mg/ml with a 3% yield are produced only after 2 h of shear exfoliation in environmentally friendly aqueous medium using sodium cholate as surfactant. The produced graphene is of high quality and mostly less than 5 layers thick. The high concentration is attributed to a proper choice of effective mixing parameters, low exfoliation temperature (10 °C) and an appropriate surfactant concentration. In addition, we noticed that larger graphite flakes (250 μm-1 mm) increased the lateral dimensions of the exfoliated sheets while the yield and concentration were independent of the flake size. Furthermore, using larger graphite flakes improved the conductivity of the subsequent graphene films. Prior to film fabrication, dialysis removed excess surfactant from the dispersions improving the film conductivity (17 000 S/m) by ca 40%.

Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Sivut	123-131
Julkaisu	Carbon
Vuosikerta	174
DOI - pysyväislinkit	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094
Tila	Julkaistu - 8 jouluk. 2020
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	A1 Julkaistu artikkeli, soviteltu

Pääsy asiakirjaan

10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094Lisenssi: CC BY

1-s2.0-S0008622320311738-mainLopullinen julkaistu versio, 1,28 MBLisenssi: CC BY

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202201147913

Åbo Akademi Functional Printing Center
Toivakka, M. (PI), Rosenholm, J. (PI), Anttu, N. (PI), Bobacka, J. (PI), Huynh, T. P. (PI), Peltonen, J. (PI), Wang, X. (PI), Wilen, C.-E. (PI), Xu, C. (PI), Zhang, H. (PI) & Österbacka, R. (PI)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Laitteistot/tilat: Laitos

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@article{41e949888a5c4a90bcaf599071611473,

title = "Fast high-shear exfoliation of natural flake graphite with temperature control and high yield",

abstract = "High-shear exfoliation of graphite is a cost-effective liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method for producing few-layer graphene dispersions. However, the drawbacks of LPE such as low graphene concentrations, long processing times and solvent residuals hamper the scalability of the process and applicability of the dispersions. Here, we demonstrate a fast graphene synthesis where concentrations as high as 3 mg/ml with a 3% yield are produced only after 2 h of shear exfoliation in environmentally friendly aqueous medium using sodium cholate as surfactant. The produced graphene is of high quality and mostly less than 5 layers thick. The high concentration is attributed to a proper choice of effective mixing parameters, low exfoliation temperature (10 °C) and an appropriate surfactant concentration. In addition, we noticed that larger graphite flakes (250 μm-1 mm) increased the lateral dimensions of the exfoliated sheets while the yield and concentration were independent of the flake size. Furthermore, using larger graphite flakes improved the conductivity of the subsequent graphene films. Prior to film fabrication, dialysis removed excess surfactant from the dispersions improving the film conductivity (17 000 S/m) by ca 40%.",

keywords = "Few-layer graphene, Liquid phase exfoliation, Surfactant, Natural flake graphite, Flake size, Film conductivity",

author = "Sara Lund and Jussi Kauppila and Saara Sirki{\"a} and Jenny Palosaari and Olav Eklund and Rose-Marie Latonen and Jan-Henrik Sm{\aa}tt and Jouko Peltonen and Tom Lindfors",

year = "2020",

month = dec,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094",

language = "English",

volume = "174",

pages = "123--131",

journal = "Carbon",

issn = "0008-6223",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fast high-shear exfoliation of natural flake graphite with temperature control and high yield

AU - Lund, Sara

AU - Kauppila, Jussi

AU - Sirkiä, Saara

AU - Palosaari, Jenny

AU - Eklund, Olav

AU - Latonen, Rose-Marie

AU - Smått, Jan-Henrik

AU - Peltonen, Jouko

AU - Lindfors, Tom

PY - 2020/12/8

Y1 - 2020/12/8

N2 - High-shear exfoliation of graphite is a cost-effective liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method for producing few-layer graphene dispersions. However, the drawbacks of LPE such as low graphene concentrations, long processing times and solvent residuals hamper the scalability of the process and applicability of the dispersions. Here, we demonstrate a fast graphene synthesis where concentrations as high as 3 mg/ml with a 3% yield are produced only after 2 h of shear exfoliation in environmentally friendly aqueous medium using sodium cholate as surfactant. The produced graphene is of high quality and mostly less than 5 layers thick. The high concentration is attributed to a proper choice of effective mixing parameters, low exfoliation temperature (10 °C) and an appropriate surfactant concentration. In addition, we noticed that larger graphite flakes (250 μm-1 mm) increased the lateral dimensions of the exfoliated sheets while the yield and concentration were independent of the flake size. Furthermore, using larger graphite flakes improved the conductivity of the subsequent graphene films. Prior to film fabrication, dialysis removed excess surfactant from the dispersions improving the film conductivity (17 000 S/m) by ca 40%.

AB - High-shear exfoliation of graphite is a cost-effective liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method for producing few-layer graphene dispersions. However, the drawbacks of LPE such as low graphene concentrations, long processing times and solvent residuals hamper the scalability of the process and applicability of the dispersions. Here, we demonstrate a fast graphene synthesis where concentrations as high as 3 mg/ml with a 3% yield are produced only after 2 h of shear exfoliation in environmentally friendly aqueous medium using sodium cholate as surfactant. The produced graphene is of high quality and mostly less than 5 layers thick. The high concentration is attributed to a proper choice of effective mixing parameters, low exfoliation temperature (10 °C) and an appropriate surfactant concentration. In addition, we noticed that larger graphite flakes (250 μm-1 mm) increased the lateral dimensions of the exfoliated sheets while the yield and concentration were independent of the flake size. Furthermore, using larger graphite flakes improved the conductivity of the subsequent graphene films. Prior to film fabrication, dialysis removed excess surfactant from the dispersions improving the film conductivity (17 000 S/m) by ca 40%.

KW - Few-layer graphene

KW - Liquid phase exfoliation

KW - Surfactant

KW - Natural flake graphite

KW - Flake size

KW - Film conductivity

U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094

DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.094

M3 - Article

SN - 0008-6223

VL - 174

SP - 123

EP - 131

JO - Carbon

JF - Carbon

ER -

Fast high-shear exfoliation of natural flake graphite with temperature control and high yield

Abstrakti

Pääsy asiakirjaan

Sormenjälki

Laitteet

Åbo Akademi Functional Printing Center

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