TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effect of Natural Plant Products in the Management of Autoimmune Diseases Along with Photodynamic Therapy
AU - Özay, Cennet
AU - Sirek, Büşra
AU - Bakay, Emel
AU - Topaloğlu, Nermin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2024.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Due to the high prevalence and inefficiency of the already existing treatment of autoimmune diseases, researchers are investigating new treatment modalities for these diseases. One of the promising strategies to overcome the problems that arise from autoimmune disorders is light-driven therapies, especially photodynamic therapy. Light-activated molecules, known as photosensitizers, are the key molecules of this therapy and they produce reactive oxygen species to target and destroy problematic cells upon light irradiation. Because of its potential and working mechanism, photodynamic therapy has become promising for autoimmune diseases, too. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the role of photodynamic therapy in a wide range of autoimmune diseases. To minimize the potential side effects associated with existing synthetic photosensitizers, plants and their chemical compounds that can effectively absorb wavelengths between 350 and 700 nm represent promising candidates for enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, these compounds may exhibit a synergistic effect owing to their pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, thereby facilitating the treatment of autoimmune diseases while concurrently driving the photodynamic therapy mechanism to promote reactive oxygen species production. This review compiles all the scattered studies on photodynamic therapy involving plant extracts or phytocompounds used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. It also highlights the importance of using different herbal medicines, either alone or in combination, to improve the therapeutic outcomes of photodynamic therapy. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
AB - Due to the high prevalence and inefficiency of the already existing treatment of autoimmune diseases, researchers are investigating new treatment modalities for these diseases. One of the promising strategies to overcome the problems that arise from autoimmune disorders is light-driven therapies, especially photodynamic therapy. Light-activated molecules, known as photosensitizers, are the key molecules of this therapy and they produce reactive oxygen species to target and destroy problematic cells upon light irradiation. Because of its potential and working mechanism, photodynamic therapy has become promising for autoimmune diseases, too. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the role of photodynamic therapy in a wide range of autoimmune diseases. To minimize the potential side effects associated with existing synthetic photosensitizers, plants and their chemical compounds that can effectively absorb wavelengths between 350 and 700 nm represent promising candidates for enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, these compounds may exhibit a synergistic effect owing to their pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, thereby facilitating the treatment of autoimmune diseases while concurrently driving the photodynamic therapy mechanism to promote reactive oxygen species production. This review compiles all the scattered studies on photodynamic therapy involving plant extracts or phytocompounds used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. It also highlights the importance of using different herbal medicines, either alone or in combination, to improve the therapeutic outcomes of photodynamic therapy. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
KW - Autoimmune conditions
KW - Herbal medicine
KW - Light-based therapy
KW - Natural products
KW - Phytocompounds
KW - Plant extracts
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206394783&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s43450-024-00597-6
DO - 10.1007/s43450-024-00597-6
M3 - Review Article or Literature Review
AN - SCOPUS:85206394783
SN - 1981-528X
JO - Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
JF - Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
ER -