Template-Directed Polymerization of Binary Acrylate Monomers on Surface-Activated Lignin Nanoparticles in Toughening of Bio-Latex Films

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Abstract

Fabricating bio-latex colloids with core–shell nanostructure is an effective
method for obtaining films with enhanced mechanical characteristics. Nano-sized lignin is rising as a class of sustainable nanomaterials that can be incorporated into latex colloids. Fundamental knowledge of the correlation between
surface chemistry of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and integration efficiency in
latex colloids and from it thermally processed latex films are scarce. Here, an
approach to integrate self-assembled nanospheres of allylated lignin as the
surface-activated cores in a seeded free-radical emulsion copolymerization of
butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate is proposed. The interfacial-modulating
function on allylated LNPs regulates the emulsion polymerization and it successfully produces a multi-energy dissipative latex film structure containing a lignin-dominated core (16% dry weight basis). At an optimized allyl-terminated
surface functionality of 1.04 mmol g−1, the LNPs-integrated latex film exhibits
extremely high toughness value above 57.7 MJ m−3. With multiple morphological and microstructural characterizations, the well-ordered packing of latex
colloids under the nanoconfinement of LNPs in the latex films is revealed. It is
concluded that the surface chemistry metrics of colloidal cores in terms of the
abundance of polymerization-modulating anchors and their accessibility have
a delicate control over the structural evolution of core–shell latex colloids.
Original languageEnglish
Article number2207085
Number of pages15
JournalSmall
Volume19
Issue number24
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 14 Jun 2023
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

L.W. and Q.W. would like to acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (student ID 201804910639 for L.W. and student ID 201907960002 for Q.W.) for their doctoral study at ÅAU, Finland. L.W. and C.X. would like to acknowledge funding from Business Finland Project (43674/31/2020). X.W. would like to thank Academy of Finland (333158) as well as Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation for their funds for her research at ÅAU. E.R. and J.P. acknowledge Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation for providing funding for the work. Electron microscopy samples were processed and analyzed in the Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, which received financial support from Biocenter Finland. The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto‐NMC). L.W. and Q.W. would like to acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (student ID 201804910639 for L.W. and student ID 201907960002 for Q.W.) for their doctoral study at ÅAU, Finland. L.W. and C.X. would like to acknowledge funding from Business Finland Project (43674/31/2020). X.W. would like to thank Academy of Finland (333158) as well as Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation for their funds for her research at ÅAU. E.R. and J.P. acknowledge Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation for providing funding for the work. Electron microscopy samples were processed and analyzed in the Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, which received financial support from Biocenter Finland. The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University at OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC).

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