Abstract
The production of platform molecules from the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass is increasing. Among these plateform molecules, γ-valerolactone (GVL) is a promising one and could be used for different industrial applications. This molecule is synthesized from levulinic acid (LA) or alkyl levulinates (AL) through a tandem hydrogenation/cyclization (lactonization) cascade. A lot of investigations have been carried out to develop the best catalyst for the hydrogenation step by using solely LA or AL. However, one should keep in mind that in the AL production via fructose alcoholysis, there is also LA production, and both are present in the product mixture during the further conversion. To the best of our knowledge, no article exists describing the hydrogenation of LA and AL simultaneously in one-pot. Also, the literature reporting the use of solid catalyst for the second cyclization step is rare. To fill this gap, the hydrogenation of levulinic acid and butyl levulinate (BL) was studied over Ru/C and Amberlite IR-120. Several kinetic models were evaluated via Bayesian inference and K-fold approach. The kinetic assessment showed that a non-competitive Langmuir-Hinshelwood with no dissociation of hydrogen where LA, BL and H2 are adsorbed on different sites (NCLH1.2) and non-competitive Langmuir-Hinshelwood with dissociation of hydrogen where LA, BL and H2 are adsorbed on different sites (NCLH2.2) are the best model to describe this system. The presence of LA and Amberlite IR-120 allows to increase the kinetics of cyclization steps, and in fine to accelerate the production of GVL.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 133053 |
| Journal | Chemical Engineering Journal |
| Volume | 430 |
| Early online date | 21 Oct 2021 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Feb 2022 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Funding
The authors thank the Maîtrise des Risques et Environementaux department, and the Erasmus programme to make the research project of Giulia Bronzetti possible. The authors thank the Ministry of High Education, Science and Technology of Dominican Republic (MESCYT). For the analytical part, the authors thank University of Rouen Normandy, INSA Rouen Normandy, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) N° HN0001343, Labex SynOrg (ANR-11-LABX-0029), Carnot Institute I2C, the graduate school for reasearch XL-Chem (ANR-18-EURE-0020 XL CHEM) and Region Normandie for their support. GC/FID was financed by FEDER RIN Green Chem 2019NU01FOBC08 N° 17P04374. This research was funded, in whole or in part, by [ANR-DFG, ANR-20-CE92-0002 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 446436621]. The authors thank the Ma?trise des Risques et Environementaux department, and the Erasmus programme to make the research project of Giulia Bronzetti possible. The authors thank the Ministry of High Education, Science and Technology of Dominican Republic (MESCYT). For the analytical part, the authors thank University of Rouen Normandy, INSA Rouen Normandy, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) N? HN0001343, Labex SynOrg (ANR-11-LABX-0029), Carnot Institute I2C, the graduate school for reasearch XL-Chem (ANR-18-EURE-0020 XL CHEM) and Region Normandie for their support. GC/FID was financed by FEDER RIN Green Chem 2019NU01FOBC08 N? 17P04374. This research was funded, in whole or in part, by [ANR-DFG, ANR-20-CE92-0002 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 446436621].
Keywords
- Bayesian statistics
- Cross-validation
- Kinetic modeling
- Levulinic acid
- γ-valerolactone