Impact of Torrefaction on the Chemical Structure of Birch Wood

Tooran Khazraie Shoulaifar; Nikolai De Martini; Stefan Willför; Andrey Pranovich; Annika Smeds; Virtanen TAP; SL Maunu; F Verhoeff; Kiel JHA; Mikko Hupa

doi:10.1021/ef5004683

Impact of Torrefaction on the Chemical Structure of Birch Wood

Tooran Khazraie Shoulaifar, Nikolai De Martini, Stefan Willför, Andrey Pranovich, Annika Smeds, Virtanen TAP, SL Maunu, F Verhoeff, Kiel JHA, Mikko Hupa

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

58 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 degrees C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, C-13 CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

Original language	Undefined/Unknown
Pages (from-to)	3863–3872
Number of pages	10
Journal	Energy and Fuels
Volume	28
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5004683
Publication status	Published - 2014
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

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10.1021/ef5004683

Cite this

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title = "Impact of Torrefaction on the Chemical Structure of Birch Wood",

abstract = "Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 degrees C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, C-13 CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.",

author = "{Khazraie Shoulaifar}, Tooran and {De Martini}, Nikolai and Stefan Willf{\"o}r and Andrey Pranovich and Annika Smeds and Virtanen TAP and SL Maunu and F Verhoeff and Kiel JHA and Mikko Hupa",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of Torrefaction on the Chemical Structure of Birch Wood

AU - Khazraie Shoulaifar, Tooran

AU - De Martini, Nikolai

AU - Willför, Stefan

AU - Pranovich, Andrey

AU - Smeds, Annika

AU - TAP, Virtanen

AU - Maunu, SL

AU - Verhoeff, F

AU - JHA, Kiel

AU - Hupa, Mikko

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 degrees C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, C-13 CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

AB - Torrefaction is the thermal pretreatment of biomass at temperatures of 200-300 degrees C in an inert atmosphere with the objectives of improving resistance to biodegradation, reducing hydrophilicity, improving grindability and increasing energy density. In this work, we studied the effect of torrefaction temperature (240-280 degrees C) on the chemistry of birch wood. The samples were from a pilot plant at ECN, and in that way, they were representative of industrially produced samples. We have measured the concentration of hemicellulose and cellulose; changes in the extractives content and composition; and in the lignin structure. We used acid methanolysis and acid hydrolysis for hemicellulose and cellulose analysis, respectively; Klason lignin method, C-13 CP-MAS NMR, Dipolar Dephasing NMR, and Py-GC-MS analysis for lignin characterization; and acetone extraction, HPSEC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analysis for extractives characterization. The results provide a more complete picture of the chemical changes in wood by torrefaction.

U2 - 10.1021/ef5004683

DO - 10.1021/ef5004683

M3 - Artikel

SN - 0887-0624

VL - 28

SP - 3863

EP - 3872

JO - Energy and Fuels

JF - Energy and Fuels

IS - 6

ER -