TY - JOUR
T1 - Hot-water extracts from the inner bark of Norway spruce with immunomodulating activities
AU - Le Normand, Myriam
AU - Mélida, Hugo
AU - Holmbom, Bjarne
AU - Michaelsen, Terje E.
AU - Inngjerdingen, Marit
AU - Bulone, Vincent
AU - Smestad Paulsen, Berit
AU - Monica, Ek
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - The inner bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies) was sequentially extracted with hot water at 100 °C, 140 °C, and 160 °C. The hot-water extracts (IB 100 °C, IB 140°C and IB 160 °C) contained pectic polysaccharides and showed immunostimulating activities. Structural analyses of their carbohydrate content, including glycosidic linkage analyses, revealed the presence of pectins with large rhamnogalacturonen RG-1 domain ramified with highly-branched arabinans. IB 100 °C also contained a large amount of terminal glycosyl residues, indicating the presence of highly substituted polymers. IB 160 °C was mainly composed of starch. The hot-water extracts were tested for two biological activities, namely complement fixation and macrophage stimulation. IB 100 °C exhibited the highest compliment fixation activity, with a 1.7-times higher ICH 50 than the control pectin, while IB 140 °C and IB 160 °C gave similar ICH 50 values as the control. Macrophages were stimulated by IB 100 °C and IB 140 °C in a dose-dependent manner, but not by IB 160 °C. IB 100 °C presented the highest activity towards macrophages, comparable to the control pectin.
AB - The inner bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies) was sequentially extracted with hot water at 100 °C, 140 °C, and 160 °C. The hot-water extracts (IB 100 °C, IB 140°C and IB 160 °C) contained pectic polysaccharides and showed immunostimulating activities. Structural analyses of their carbohydrate content, including glycosidic linkage analyses, revealed the presence of pectins with large rhamnogalacturonen RG-1 domain ramified with highly-branched arabinans. IB 100 °C also contained a large amount of terminal glycosyl residues, indicating the presence of highly substituted polymers. IB 160 °C was mainly composed of starch. The hot-water extracts were tested for two biological activities, namely complement fixation and macrophage stimulation. IB 100 °C exhibited the highest compliment fixation activity, with a 1.7-times higher ICH 50 than the control pectin, while IB 140 °C and IB 160 °C gave similar ICH 50 values as the control. Macrophages were stimulated by IB 100 °C and IB 140 °C in a dose-dependent manner, but not by IB 160 °C. IB 100 °C presented the highest activity towards macrophages, comparable to the control pectin.
KW - Bark
KW - Biorefinery
KW - Immunomodulating activities
KW - Compositional analysis
KW - Pectins
KW - Bark
KW - Biorefinery
KW - Immunomodulating activities
KW - Compositional analysis
KW - Pectins
KW - Bark
KW - Biorefinery
KW - Immunomodulating activities
KW - Compositional analysis
KW - Pectins
U2 - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.067
DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.067
M3 - Artikel
SN - 0144-8617
VL - 101
SP - 699
EP - 704
JO - Carbohydrate Polymers
JF - Carbohydrate Polymers
ER -