Glucomannan composite films with cellulose nanowhiskers

Kirsi S. Mikkonen; Aji P. Mathew; Kari Pirkkalainen; Ritva Serimaa; Chunlin Xu; Stefan Willför; Kristiina Oksman; Maija Tenkanen

doi:10.1007/s10570-009-9380-3

Glucomannan composite films with cellulose nanowhiskers

Kirsi S. Mikkonen
, Aji P. Mathew
, Kari Pirkkalainen
, Ritva Serimaa
, Chunlin Xu
, Stefan Willför
, Kristiina Oksman
, Maija Tenkanen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

61 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Spruce galactoglucomannans (GGM) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were mixed with cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) to form composite films. Remarkable effects of CNW on the appearance of the films were detected when viewed with regular and polarizing optical microscopes and with a scanning electron microscope. Addition of CNW to KGM-based films induced the formation of fiberlike structures with lengths of several millimeters. In GGM-based films, rodlike structures with lengths of several tens of micrometers were formed. The degree of crystallinity of mannan in the plasticized KGM-based films increased slightly when CNW were added, from 25 to 30%. The tensile strength of the KGM-based films not containing glycerol increased with increasing CNW content from 57 to 74 MPa, but that of glycerol-plasticized KGM and GGM films was not affected. Interestingly, the notable differences in the film structure did not appear to be related to the thermal properties of the films.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	69-81
Number of pages	13
Journal	Cellulose
Volume	17
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-009-9380-3
Publication status	Published - Feb 2010
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

Acknowledgments We thank the Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry of the University of Helsinki for use of the dynamic mechanical analyzer and Mikko Karesoja for kind assistance. Marko Peura is acknowledged for his contribution to the X-ray study. The Foundation for Natural Resources in Finland, the Nordic Forest Research Co-operation Committee, and the Academy of Finland are acknowledged for financial support.

Keywords

Cellulose nanowhiskers
Composites
Films
Konjac glucomannan
Spruce galactoglucomannans

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10.1007/s10570-009-9380-3

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title = "Glucomannan composite films with cellulose nanowhiskers",

abstract = "Spruce galactoglucomannans (GGM) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were mixed with cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) to form composite films. Remarkable effects of CNW on the appearance of the films were detected when viewed with regular and polarizing optical microscopes and with a scanning electron microscope. Addition of CNW to KGM-based films induced the formation of fiberlike structures with lengths of several millimeters. In GGM-based films, rodlike structures with lengths of several tens of micrometers were formed. The degree of crystallinity of mannan in the plasticized KGM-based films increased slightly when CNW were added, from 25 to 30\%. The tensile strength of the KGM-based films not containing glycerol increased with increasing CNW content from 57 to 74 MPa, but that of glycerol-plasticized KGM and GGM films was not affected. Interestingly, the notable differences in the film structure did not appear to be related to the thermal properties of the films.",

keywords = "Cellulose nanowhiskers, Composites, Films, Konjac glucomannan, Spruce galactoglucomannans",

author = "Mikkonen, \{Kirsi S.\} and Mathew, \{Aji P.\} and Kari Pirkkalainen and Ritva Serimaa and Chunlin Xu and Stefan Willf{\"o}r and Kristiina Oksman and Maija Tenkanen",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments We thank the Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry of the University of Helsinki for use of the dynamic mechanical analyzer and Mikko Karesoja for kind assistance. Marko Peura is acknowledged for his contribution to the X-ray study. The Foundation for Natural Resources in Finland, the Nordic Forest Research Co-operation Committee, and the Academy of Finland are acknowledged for financial support. Copyright: Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2010",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1007/s10570-009-9380-3",

language = "English",

volume = "17",

pages = "69--81",

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T1 - Glucomannan composite films with cellulose nanowhiskers

AU - Mikkonen, Kirsi S.

AU - Mathew, Aji P.

AU - Pirkkalainen, Kari

AU - Serimaa, Ritva

AU - Xu, Chunlin

AU - Willför, Stefan

AU - Oksman, Kristiina

AU - Tenkanen, Maija

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments We thank the Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry of the University of Helsinki for use of the dynamic mechanical analyzer and Mikko Karesoja for kind assistance. Marko Peura is acknowledged for his contribution to the X-ray study. The Foundation for Natural Resources in Finland, the Nordic Forest Research Co-operation Committee, and the Academy of Finland are acknowledged for financial support. Copyright: Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2010/2

Y1 - 2010/2

N2 - Spruce galactoglucomannans (GGM) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were mixed with cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) to form composite films. Remarkable effects of CNW on the appearance of the films were detected when viewed with regular and polarizing optical microscopes and with a scanning electron microscope. Addition of CNW to KGM-based films induced the formation of fiberlike structures with lengths of several millimeters. In GGM-based films, rodlike structures with lengths of several tens of micrometers were formed. The degree of crystallinity of mannan in the plasticized KGM-based films increased slightly when CNW were added, from 25 to 30%. The tensile strength of the KGM-based films not containing glycerol increased with increasing CNW content from 57 to 74 MPa, but that of glycerol-plasticized KGM and GGM films was not affected. Interestingly, the notable differences in the film structure did not appear to be related to the thermal properties of the films.

AB - Spruce galactoglucomannans (GGM) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were mixed with cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) to form composite films. Remarkable effects of CNW on the appearance of the films were detected when viewed with regular and polarizing optical microscopes and with a scanning electron microscope. Addition of CNW to KGM-based films induced the formation of fiberlike structures with lengths of several millimeters. In GGM-based films, rodlike structures with lengths of several tens of micrometers were formed. The degree of crystallinity of mannan in the plasticized KGM-based films increased slightly when CNW were added, from 25 to 30%. The tensile strength of the KGM-based films not containing glycerol increased with increasing CNW content from 57 to 74 MPa, but that of glycerol-plasticized KGM and GGM films was not affected. Interestingly, the notable differences in the film structure did not appear to be related to the thermal properties of the films.

KW - Cellulose nanowhiskers

KW - Composites

KW - Films

KW - Konjac glucomannan

KW - Spruce galactoglucomannans

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DO - 10.1007/s10570-009-9380-3

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77952877630

SN - 0969-0239

VL - 17

SP - 69

EP - 81

JO - Cellulose

JF - Cellulose

IS - 1

ER -

Glucomannan composite films with cellulose nanowhiskers

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