Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties

Jenni Hjerppe; Khalil Shahramian; Emil Rosqvist; Lippo V. J. Lassila; Jouko Peltonen; Timo O Närhi

doi:10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x

Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties

Jenni Hjerppe, Khalil Shahramian, Emil Rosqvist, Lippo V. J. Lassila, Jouko Peltonen, Timo O Närhi

Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

107 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of simulated gastric acid on the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after certain polishing and glazing procedures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different types of square-shaped specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm 3, n = 13) were manufactured: lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic milled and polished (LDS-P); milled, polished, and glazed (LDS-PG); milled, glazed, and no polishing (LDS-G); and milled and polished zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (ZR-LS). Specimens were immersed in hydrochloride acid (HCl 0.06 M, pH 1.2) to simulate gastric acid irritation and stored in the acid for 96 h in 37 °C. Specimen weight, surface gloss, Vickers surface microhardness and surface roughness (R a, R q, with optical profilometer), and surface roughness on nanometer level (S q, S al, S q/S al, S dr, S ds with atomic force microscope) were measured before and after the acid immersion.

RESULTS: ZR-LS specimens lost significantly more weight after acid immersion (p = 0.001), also surface microhardness of ZR-LS was significantly reduced (p = 0.001). LDS-G and LDS-PG showed significantly lower surface roughness (S a, S q) values compared to LDS-P before (p ≤ 0.99) and after (p ≤ 0.99) acid immersion and ZR-LS after acid immersion (p ≤ 0.99).

CONCLUSIONS: Gastric acid challenge affects the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. Glazing layer provides lower surface roughness, and the glazed surface tends to smoothen after the gastric acid challenge.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surface finish of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic has a clear impact on material's surface properties. Gastric acidic challenge changes surface properties but glazing seems to function as a protective barrier. Nevertheless, also glazing tends to smoothen after heavy gastric acid challenge. Glazing can be highly recommended to all glass-ceramic restorations but especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and eating disorders like bulimia nervosa.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6865-6877
Number of pages	13
Journal	Clinical Oral Investigations
Volume	27
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x
Publication status	Published - Nov 2023
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors are grateful to DT Tytti Syrjäkari, University of Turku, Finland, for helping with the specimen preparation and Project Engineer Linus Silvander, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland, for helping with SEM images.

Keywords

Humans
Lithium
Gastric Acid
Materials Testing
Computer-Aided Design
Dental Porcelain/chemistry
Ceramics/chemistry
Zirconium/chemistry
Silicates
Surface Properties

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10.1007/s00784-023-05301-xLicence: CC BY

s00784-023-05301-xFinal published version, 2.17 MBLicence: CC BY

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20231130150383

Åbo Akademi Functional Printing Center
Toivakka, M. (PI), Rosenholm, J. (PI), Anttu, N. (PI), Bobacka, J. (PI), Huynh, T. P. (PI), Peltonen, J. (PI), Wang, X. (PI), Wilen, C.-E. (PI), Xu, C. (PI), Zhang, H. (PI) & Österbacka, R. (PI)
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Facility/equipment: Facility

Cite this

Hjerppe, J., Shahramian, K., Rosqvist, E., Lassila, L. V. J., Peltonen, J., & Närhi, T. O. (2023). Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties. Clinical Oral Investigations, 27(11), 6865-6877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x

@article{c1c0ce6ee4b3478ca5144d96de8d6b43,

title = "Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties",

abstract = "OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of simulated gastric acid on the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after certain polishing and glazing procedures.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different types of square-shaped specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm 3, n = 13) were manufactured: lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic milled and polished (LDS-P); milled, polished, and glazed (LDS-PG); milled, glazed, and no polishing (LDS-G); and milled and polished zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (ZR-LS). Specimens were immersed in hydrochloride acid (HCl 0.06 M, pH 1.2) to simulate gastric acid irritation and stored in the acid for 96 h in 37 °C. Specimen weight, surface gloss, Vickers surface microhardness and surface roughness (R a, R q, with optical profilometer), and surface roughness on nanometer level (S q, S al, S q/S al, S dr, S ds with atomic force microscope) were measured before and after the acid immersion. RESULTS: ZR-LS specimens lost significantly more weight after acid immersion (p = 0.001), also surface microhardness of ZR-LS was significantly reduced (p = 0.001). LDS-G and LDS-PG showed significantly lower surface roughness (S a, S q) values compared to LDS-P before (p ≤ 0.99) and after (p ≤ 0.99) acid immersion and ZR-LS after acid immersion (p ≤ 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Gastric acid challenge affects the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. Glazing layer provides lower surface roughness, and the glazed surface tends to smoothen after the gastric acid challenge.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surface finish of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic has a clear impact on material's surface properties. Gastric acidic challenge changes surface properties but glazing seems to function as a protective barrier. Nevertheless, also glazing tends to smoothen after heavy gastric acid challenge. Glazing can be highly recommended to all glass-ceramic restorations but especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and eating disorders like bulimia nervosa.",

keywords = "Humans, Lithium, Gastric Acid, Materials Testing, Computer-Aided Design, Dental Porcelain/chemistry, Ceramics/chemistry, Zirconium/chemistry, Silicates, Surface Properties",

author = "Jenni Hjerppe and Khalil Shahramian and Emil Rosqvist and Lassila, \{Lippo V. J.\} and Jouko Peltonen and N{\"a}rhi, \{Timo O\}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2023. The Author(s).",

year = "2023",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x",

language = "English",

volume = "27",

pages = "6865--6877",

journal = "Clinical Oral Investigations",

issn = "1432-6981",

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Hjerppe, J, Shahramian, K, Rosqvist, E, Lassila, LVJ, Peltonen, J & Närhi, TO 2023, 'Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties', Clinical Oral Investigations, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 6865-6877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x

Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties. / Hjerppe, Jenni; Shahramian, Khalil; Rosqvist, Emil et al.
In: Clinical Oral Investigations, Vol. 27, No. 11, 11.2023, p. 6865-6877.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties

AU - Hjerppe, Jenni

AU - Shahramian, Khalil

AU - Rosqvist, Emil

AU - Lassila, Lippo V. J.

AU - Peltonen, Jouko

AU - Närhi, Timo O

PY - 2023/11

Y1 - 2023/11

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of simulated gastric acid on the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after certain polishing and glazing procedures.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different types of square-shaped specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm 3, n = 13) were manufactured: lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic milled and polished (LDS-P); milled, polished, and glazed (LDS-PG); milled, glazed, and no polishing (LDS-G); and milled and polished zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (ZR-LS). Specimens were immersed in hydrochloride acid (HCl 0.06 M, pH 1.2) to simulate gastric acid irritation and stored in the acid for 96 h in 37 °C. Specimen weight, surface gloss, Vickers surface microhardness and surface roughness (R a, R q, with optical profilometer), and surface roughness on nanometer level (S q, S al, S q/S al, S dr, S ds with atomic force microscope) were measured before and after the acid immersion. RESULTS: ZR-LS specimens lost significantly more weight after acid immersion (p = 0.001), also surface microhardness of ZR-LS was significantly reduced (p = 0.001). LDS-G and LDS-PG showed significantly lower surface roughness (S a, S q) values compared to LDS-P before (p ≤ 0.99) and after (p ≤ 0.99) acid immersion and ZR-LS after acid immersion (p ≤ 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Gastric acid challenge affects the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. Glazing layer provides lower surface roughness, and the glazed surface tends to smoothen after the gastric acid challenge.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surface finish of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic has a clear impact on material's surface properties. Gastric acidic challenge changes surface properties but glazing seems to function as a protective barrier. Nevertheless, also glazing tends to smoothen after heavy gastric acid challenge. Glazing can be highly recommended to all glass-ceramic restorations but especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and eating disorders like bulimia nervosa.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of simulated gastric acid on the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after certain polishing and glazing procedures.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different types of square-shaped specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm 3, n = 13) were manufactured: lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic milled and polished (LDS-P); milled, polished, and glazed (LDS-PG); milled, glazed, and no polishing (LDS-G); and milled and polished zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (ZR-LS). Specimens were immersed in hydrochloride acid (HCl 0.06 M, pH 1.2) to simulate gastric acid irritation and stored in the acid for 96 h in 37 °C. Specimen weight, surface gloss, Vickers surface microhardness and surface roughness (R a, R q, with optical profilometer), and surface roughness on nanometer level (S q, S al, S q/S al, S dr, S ds with atomic force microscope) were measured before and after the acid immersion. RESULTS: ZR-LS specimens lost significantly more weight after acid immersion (p = 0.001), also surface microhardness of ZR-LS was significantly reduced (p = 0.001). LDS-G and LDS-PG showed significantly lower surface roughness (S a, S q) values compared to LDS-P before (p ≤ 0.99) and after (p ≤ 0.99) acid immersion and ZR-LS after acid immersion (p ≤ 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Gastric acid challenge affects the surface properties of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. Glazing layer provides lower surface roughness, and the glazed surface tends to smoothen after the gastric acid challenge.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Surface finish of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic has a clear impact on material's surface properties. Gastric acidic challenge changes surface properties but glazing seems to function as a protective barrier. Nevertheless, also glazing tends to smoothen after heavy gastric acid challenge. Glazing can be highly recommended to all glass-ceramic restorations but especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and eating disorders like bulimia nervosa.

KW - Humans

KW - Lithium

KW - Gastric Acid

KW - Materials Testing

KW - Computer-Aided Design

KW - Dental Porcelain/chemistry

KW - Ceramics/chemistry

KW - Zirconium/chemistry

KW - Silicates

KW - Surface Properties

U2 - 10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x

DO - 10.1007/s00784-023-05301-x

M3 - Article

C2 - 37821653

SN - 1432-6981

VL - 27

SP - 6865

EP - 6877

JO - Clinical Oral Investigations

JF - Clinical Oral Investigations

IS - 11

ER -

Gastric acid challenge of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after polishing and glazing-impact on surface properties

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

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