Crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process towards leaching for CO2 sequestration

Xiaohui Mei; Qing Zhao; Chengzhi Han; Zengrui Wang; Yi  Min; Chengjun Liu; Henrik Saxén; Ron Zevenhoven

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004

Crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process towards leaching for CO2 sequestration

Xiaohui Mei
, Qing Zhao^*
, Chengzhi Han
, Zengrui Wang
, Yi Min
, Chengjun Liu
, Henrik Saxén
, Ron Zevenhoven

^*Corresponding author for this work

Laboratory of Process and Systems Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This work addresses the crystallization behavior and microstructure feature of the molten basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag during a slow cooling process. The aim is to provide a reference for the modification of BOF slag for subsequent leaching of Ca as part of CO2 sequestration. Integrated analysis of XRD, SEM-EDS, and thermodynamic calculations suggest a crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process. RO phases ((Mg, Fe, Mn) O) was the equilibrium phase at a high temperature of around 1600 °C, followed at lower temperatures by the formation of Ca3SiO5 (C3S) and α-Ca2SiO4 (α-C2S). The Ca2Fe2O5 (C2F) phase forms during the latter stages of melt solidification. On the basis of the combined analysis of the leaching test results and crystallographic analysis, a future direction of modification of BOF slag is suggested that enriches Ca into the C2S and hinders the formation of C2F. However, inhibiting the generation of C2F by adjusting the cooling process alone is difficult since its crystallization rate is fast. The phase of C2F was observed in XRD and SEM even if the BOF slag was quenched from 1600 °C. Furthermore, the chemical characterization and morphological evolution of the crystalline phase of molten BOF slag during the slow cooling process was observed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2663-2673
Number of pages	11
Journal	Process Safety and Environmental Protection
Volume	191
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004
Publication status	Published - Nov 2024
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074078 and 52374327), the Applied Fundamental Research Program of Liaoning Province (No. 2023JH2/101600002), the Shenyang Young Middle-Aged Scientific and Technological Innovation Talent Support Program (No. RC220491), the Liaoning Province Steel Industry-University-Research Innovation Alliance Cooperation Project of Bensteel Group (No. KJBLM202202), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. N2201023 and N2325009), the Key project of Liaoning Provincial Department of education in 2024 (2024JYTZD-03), the Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Project of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology (2407B12), and the 111 Project (B16009). This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074078 and 52374327), the Applied Fundamental Research Program of Liaoning Province (No. 2023JH2/101600002), the Shenyang Young Middle-Aged Scientific and Technological Innovation Talent Support Program (No. RC220491), the Liaoning Province Steel Industry-University-Research Innovation Alliance Cooperation Project of Bensteel Group (No. KJBLM202202), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. N2201023 and N2325009), the Key project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education in 2024 (LJ212411430036), the Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Project of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology (2407B12), and the 111 Project (B16009).

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Keywords

Steel slag
Crystallization behavior
Microstructure
Phase modification
CO2 sequestration

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10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004

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title = "Crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process towards leaching for CO2 sequestration",

abstract = "This work addresses the crystallization behavior and microstructure feature of the molten basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag during a slow cooling process. The aim is to provide a reference for the modification of BOF slag for subsequent leaching of Ca as part of CO2 sequestration. Integrated analysis of XRD, SEM-EDS, and thermodynamic calculations suggest a crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process. RO phases ((Mg, Fe, Mn) O) was the equilibrium phase at a high temperature of around 1600 °C, followed at lower temperatures by the formation of Ca3SiO5 (C3S) and α-Ca2SiO4 (α-C2S). The Ca2Fe2O5 (C2F) phase forms during the latter stages of melt solidification. On the basis of the combined analysis of the leaching test results and crystallographic analysis, a future direction of modification of BOF slag is suggested that enriches Ca into the C2S and hinders the formation of C2F. However, inhibiting the generation of C2F by adjusting the cooling process alone is difficult since its crystallization rate is fast. The phase of C2F was observed in XRD and SEM even if the BOF slag was quenched from 1600 °C. Furthermore, the chemical characterization and morphological evolution of the crystalline phase of molten BOF slag during the slow cooling process was observed.",

keywords = "Steel slag, Crystallization behavior, Microstructure, Phase modification, CO2 sequestration",

author = "Xiaohui Mei and Qing Zhao and Chengzhi Han and Zengrui Wang and Yi Min and Chengjun Liu and Henrik Sax{\'e}n and Ron Zevenhoven",

year = "2024",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004",

language = "English",

volume = "191",

pages = "2663--2673",

journal = "Process Safety and Environmental Protection",

issn = "0957-5820",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process towards leaching for CO2 sequestration

AU - Mei, Xiaohui

AU - Zhao, Qing

AU - Han, Chengzhi

AU - Wang, Zengrui

AU - Min, Yi

AU - Liu, Chengjun

AU - Saxén, Henrik

AU - Zevenhoven, Ron

PY - 2024/11

Y1 - 2024/11

N2 - This work addresses the crystallization behavior and microstructure feature of the molten basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag during a slow cooling process. The aim is to provide a reference for the modification of BOF slag for subsequent leaching of Ca as part of CO2 sequestration. Integrated analysis of XRD, SEM-EDS, and thermodynamic calculations suggest a crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process. RO phases ((Mg, Fe, Mn) O) was the equilibrium phase at a high temperature of around 1600 °C, followed at lower temperatures by the formation of Ca3SiO5 (C3S) and α-Ca2SiO4 (α-C2S). The Ca2Fe2O5 (C2F) phase forms during the latter stages of melt solidification. On the basis of the combined analysis of the leaching test results and crystallographic analysis, a future direction of modification of BOF slag is suggested that enriches Ca into the C2S and hinders the formation of C2F. However, inhibiting the generation of C2F by adjusting the cooling process alone is difficult since its crystallization rate is fast. The phase of C2F was observed in XRD and SEM even if the BOF slag was quenched from 1600 °C. Furthermore, the chemical characterization and morphological evolution of the crystalline phase of molten BOF slag during the slow cooling process was observed.

AB - This work addresses the crystallization behavior and microstructure feature of the molten basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag during a slow cooling process. The aim is to provide a reference for the modification of BOF slag for subsequent leaching of Ca as part of CO2 sequestration. Integrated analysis of XRD, SEM-EDS, and thermodynamic calculations suggest a crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process. RO phases ((Mg, Fe, Mn) O) was the equilibrium phase at a high temperature of around 1600 °C, followed at lower temperatures by the formation of Ca3SiO5 (C3S) and α-Ca2SiO4 (α-C2S). The Ca2Fe2O5 (C2F) phase forms during the latter stages of melt solidification. On the basis of the combined analysis of the leaching test results and crystallographic analysis, a future direction of modification of BOF slag is suggested that enriches Ca into the C2S and hinders the formation of C2F. However, inhibiting the generation of C2F by adjusting the cooling process alone is difficult since its crystallization rate is fast. The phase of C2F was observed in XRD and SEM even if the BOF slag was quenched from 1600 °C. Furthermore, the chemical characterization and morphological evolution of the crystalline phase of molten BOF slag during the slow cooling process was observed.

KW - Steel slag

KW - Crystallization behavior

KW - Microstructure

KW - Phase modification

KW - CO2 sequestration

U2 - 10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004

DO - 10.1016/j.psep.2024.10.004

M3 - Article

SN - 0957-5820

VL - 191

SP - 2663

EP - 2673

JO - Process Safety and Environmental Protection

JF - Process Safety and Environmental Protection

ER -

Crystallization behavior of BOF slag during the cooling process towards leaching for CO2 sequestration

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

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