Characterization of single and double inactivation strains reveals new physiological roles for group 2 sigma factors in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Maija Pollari, Liisa Gunnelius, Ilona Tuominen, Virpi Ruotsalainen, Esa Tyystjärvi, Tiina Salminen, Taina Tyystjärvi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

37 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are eubacteria that perform oxygenic photosynthesis like plants. The initiation of transcription, mediated by the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, is the main determinant of gene regulation in eubacteria. The sigma factor of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme is responsible for the recognition of a promoter sequence. In the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the primary sigma factor, SigA, is essential for cell viability. The SigB, SigC, SigD, and SigE factors show significant sequence similarity with the SigA factor but are nonessential. In this study, we have used homology modeling to construct a three-dimensional model of Synechocystis RNA polymerase holoenzyme and all group 1 and 2 sigma factors. According to the models, the overall three-dimensional structures of group 1 and 2 sigma factors are similar, the SigB and SigD factors being the most similar ones. In addition, we have constructed a complete set of group 2 sigma factor double inactivation strains, DeltasigBC, DeltasigBD, DeltasigBE, DeltasigCD, DeltasigCE, and DeltasigDE. All double mutants grow well under standard conditions, but differences are observed in stress conditions. The transition from lag phase to exponential growth is slow in the DeltasigBD strain, and all strains lacking the SigD factor were found to be sensitive to bright light. Furthermore, all group 2 sigma factors were found to be involved in acclimation to salt- or sorbitol-induced osmotic stresses.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1994-2005
Number of pages12
JournalPlant Physiology
Volume147
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2008
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

  • Acclimatization
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Bacterial Proteins/chemistry
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry
  • Light
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis
  • Osmotic Pressure
  • Photosynthesis
  • Protein Structure, Quaternary
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Sigma Factor/chemistry
  • Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
  • Synechocystis/genetics

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