Assessment of Common Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacteria of Biological Loess Crusts

Tamara Dulić; Zorica Svirčev; Tamara Palanački Malešević; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Henna Savela; Qingzhen Hao; Jussi Meriluoto

doi:10.3390/toxins14030215

Assessment of Common Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacteria of Biological Loess Crusts

Tamara Dulić^*
, Zorica Svirčev
, Tamara Palanački Malešević
, Elisabeth J. Faassen
, Henna Savela
, Qingzhen Hao
, Jussi Meriluoto

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

Cyanotoxins are a diverse group of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria that have adverse effects on human and animal health. While the phenomenon of cyanotoxin production in aquatic environments is well studied, research on cyanotoxins in terrestrial environments, where cyanobacteria abundantly occur in biocrusts, is still in its infancy. Here, we investigated the potential cyanotoxin production in cyanobacteria-dominated biological loess crusts (BLCs) from three different regions (China, Iran, and Serbia) and in cyanobacterial cultures isolated from the BLCs. The presence of cyanotoxins microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, while the presence of cyanotoxin-encoding genes (mcyE, cyrJ, sxtA, sxtG, sxtS, and anaC) was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We could not detect any of the targeted cyanotoxins in the biocrusts or the cyanobacterial cultures, nor could we amplify any cyanotoxin-encoding genes in the cyanobacterial strains. The results are discussed in terms of the biological role of cyanotoxins, the application of cyanobacteria in land restoration programs, and the use of cyanotoxins as biosignatures of cyanobacterial populations in loess research. The article highlights the need to extend the field of research on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin production to terrestrial environments.

Original language	English
Article number	215
Journal	Toxins
Volume	14
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14030215
Publication status	Published - Mar 2022
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This work is supported by ERASMUS+ mobility program signed between the University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences and ?bo Akademi University, Project Code 2015-2-FI01-KA107-022151 and Project Code 2017-1-FI01-KA107-034440. T.D. was supported by the ?bo Akademi University Doctoral Scholarship Programme and the Alfred Kordelin Foundation (Grant No. 200173). Z.S. and T.P.M. would like to acknowledge financial support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Grant No. 451-03-68/2022-14/200125) and to acknowledge the support by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, #7726976, Integrated Strategy for Rehabilitation of Disturbed Land Surfaces and Control of Air Pollution?RECAP. Q.H. was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41888101 and 41625010).

Keywords

biocrusts
cyanotoxins
land restoration
loess
sedimentary biosignatures
terrestrial cyanobacteria

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10.3390/toxins14030215

toxins-14-00215Final published version, 1.06 MBLicence: CC BY

https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2023030329368

Cite this

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title = "Assessment of Common Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacteria of Biological Loess Crusts",

abstract = "Cyanotoxins are a diverse group of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria that have adverse effects on human and animal health. While the phenomenon of cyanotoxin production in aquatic environments is well studied, research on cyanotoxins in terrestrial environments, where cyanobacteria abundantly occur in biocrusts, is still in its infancy. Here, we investigated the potential cyanotoxin production in cyanobacteria-dominated biological loess crusts (BLCs) from three different regions (China, Iran, and Serbia) and in cyanobacterial cultures isolated from the BLCs. The presence of cyanotoxins microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, while the presence of cyanotoxin-encoding genes (mcyE, cyrJ, sxtA, sxtG, sxtS, and anaC) was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We could not detect any of the targeted cyanotoxins in the biocrusts or the cyanobacterial cultures, nor could we amplify any cyanotoxin-encoding genes in the cyanobacterial strains. The results are discussed in terms of the biological role of cyanotoxins, the application of cyanobacteria in land restoration programs, and the use of cyanotoxins as biosignatures of cyanobacterial populations in loess research. The article highlights the need to extend the field of research on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin production to terrestrial environments.",

keywords = "biocrusts, cyanotoxins, land restoration, loess, sedimentary biosignatures, terrestrial cyanobacteria",

author = "Tamara Duli{\'c} and Zorica Svir{\v c}ev and Male{\v s}evi{\'c}, \{Tamara Palana{\v c}ki\} and Faassen, \{Elisabeth J.\} and Henna Savela and Qingzhen Hao and Jussi Meriluoto",

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AU - Dulić, Tamara

AU - Svirčev, Zorica

AU - Malešević, Tamara Palanački

AU - Faassen, Elisabeth J.

AU - Savela, Henna

AU - Hao, Qingzhen

AU - Meriluoto, Jussi

PY - 2022/3

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N2 - Cyanotoxins are a diverse group of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria that have adverse effects on human and animal health. While the phenomenon of cyanotoxin production in aquatic environments is well studied, research on cyanotoxins in terrestrial environments, where cyanobacteria abundantly occur in biocrusts, is still in its infancy. Here, we investigated the potential cyanotoxin production in cyanobacteria-dominated biological loess crusts (BLCs) from three different regions (China, Iran, and Serbia) and in cyanobacterial cultures isolated from the BLCs. The presence of cyanotoxins microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, while the presence of cyanotoxin-encoding genes (mcyE, cyrJ, sxtA, sxtG, sxtS, and anaC) was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We could not detect any of the targeted cyanotoxins in the biocrusts or the cyanobacterial cultures, nor could we amplify any cyanotoxin-encoding genes in the cyanobacterial strains. The results are discussed in terms of the biological role of cyanotoxins, the application of cyanobacteria in land restoration programs, and the use of cyanotoxins as biosignatures of cyanobacterial populations in loess research. The article highlights the need to extend the field of research on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin production to terrestrial environments.

AB - Cyanotoxins are a diverse group of bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria that have adverse effects on human and animal health. While the phenomenon of cyanotoxin production in aquatic environments is well studied, research on cyanotoxins in terrestrial environments, where cyanobacteria abundantly occur in biocrusts, is still in its infancy. Here, we investigated the potential cyanotoxin production in cyanobacteria-dominated biological loess crusts (BLCs) from three different regions (China, Iran, and Serbia) and in cyanobacterial cultures isolated from the BLCs. The presence of cyanotoxins microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, while the presence of cyanotoxin-encoding genes (mcyE, cyrJ, sxtA, sxtG, sxtS, and anaC) was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We could not detect any of the targeted cyanotoxins in the biocrusts or the cyanobacterial cultures, nor could we amplify any cyanotoxin-encoding genes in the cyanobacterial strains. The results are discussed in terms of the biological role of cyanotoxins, the application of cyanobacteria in land restoration programs, and the use of cyanotoxins as biosignatures of cyanobacterial populations in loess research. The article highlights the need to extend the field of research on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin production to terrestrial environments.

KW - biocrusts

KW - cyanotoxins

KW - land restoration

KW - loess

KW - sedimentary biosignatures

KW - terrestrial cyanobacteria

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DO - 10.3390/toxins14030215

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JO - Toxins

JF - Toxins

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ER -

Assessment of Common Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacteria of Biological Loess Crusts

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