Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species part 3: Combustion of five spruce samples

Johan Werkelin; Daniel Kristoffer Lindberg; D Bostrom; BJ Skrifvars; Mikko Hupa

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010

Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species part 3: Combustion of five spruce samples

Johan Werkelin, Daniel Kristoffer Lindberg, D Bostrom, BJ Skrifvars, Mikko Hupa

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

59 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Forest residue is the remaining fraction after the outtake of timber, which comprises the tree tops and branches. It may as fuel cause damage to the combustion device through ash slagging and fouling. The objective of this work was to model the ash composition from well-specified samples of a spruce tree: wood, bark, twigs, needles, and shoots. Their ash at 1000 degrees C was modelled using global chemical equilibrium calculations, and laboratory-made ash of the five samples was analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDXA. According to the results, the risk of slagging arises from the spruce foliage: molten alkali silicates from spruce needles and probably molten alkali phosphates from spruce shoots may cause problems in the furnace. Fouling caused by condensing alkali vapours can be produced by all five samples. The amount of alkali vapours in the flue gas was in the same order of magnitude for all five samples, in spite of large differences in their original alkali contents.

Original language	Undefined/Unknown
Pages (from-to)	725–733
Number of pages	9
Journal	Biomass and Bioenergy
Volume	35
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010
Publication status	Published - 2011
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Ash
Biomass
Equilibrium
Forest residue
Wood

Access to Document

10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010

Cite this

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title = "Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species part 3: Combustion of five spruce samples",

abstract = "Forest residue is the remaining fraction after the outtake of timber, which comprises the tree tops and branches. It may as fuel cause damage to the combustion device through ash slagging and fouling. The objective of this work was to model the ash composition from well-specified samples of a spruce tree: wood, bark, twigs, needles, and shoots. Their ash at 1000 degrees C was modelled using global chemical equilibrium calculations, and laboratory-made ash of the five samples was analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDXA. According to the results, the risk of slagging arises from the spruce foliage: molten alkali silicates from spruce needles and probably molten alkali phosphates from spruce shoots may cause problems in the furnace. Fouling caused by condensing alkali vapours can be produced by all five samples. The amount of alkali vapours in the flue gas was in the same order of magnitude for all five samples, in spite of large differences in their original alkali contents.",

keywords = "Ash, Biomass, Equilibrium, Forest residue, Wood, Ash, Biomass, Equilibrium, Forest residue, Wood, Ash, Biomass, Equilibrium, Forest residue, Wood",

author = "Johan Werkelin and Lindberg, {Daniel Kristoffer} and D Bostrom and BJ Skrifvars and Mikko Hupa",

year = "2011",

doi = "10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010",

language = "Odefinierat/ok{\"a}nt",

volume = "35",

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journal = "Biomass and Bioenergy",

issn = "0961-9534",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species part 3: Combustion of five spruce samples

AU - Werkelin, Johan

AU - Lindberg, Daniel Kristoffer

AU - Bostrom, D

AU - Skrifvars, BJ

AU - Hupa, Mikko

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - Forest residue is the remaining fraction after the outtake of timber, which comprises the tree tops and branches. It may as fuel cause damage to the combustion device through ash slagging and fouling. The objective of this work was to model the ash composition from well-specified samples of a spruce tree: wood, bark, twigs, needles, and shoots. Their ash at 1000 degrees C was modelled using global chemical equilibrium calculations, and laboratory-made ash of the five samples was analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDXA. According to the results, the risk of slagging arises from the spruce foliage: molten alkali silicates from spruce needles and probably molten alkali phosphates from spruce shoots may cause problems in the furnace. Fouling caused by condensing alkali vapours can be produced by all five samples. The amount of alkali vapours in the flue gas was in the same order of magnitude for all five samples, in spite of large differences in their original alkali contents.

AB - Forest residue is the remaining fraction after the outtake of timber, which comprises the tree tops and branches. It may as fuel cause damage to the combustion device through ash slagging and fouling. The objective of this work was to model the ash composition from well-specified samples of a spruce tree: wood, bark, twigs, needles, and shoots. Their ash at 1000 degrees C was modelled using global chemical equilibrium calculations, and laboratory-made ash of the five samples was analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDXA. According to the results, the risk of slagging arises from the spruce foliage: molten alkali silicates from spruce needles and probably molten alkali phosphates from spruce shoots may cause problems in the furnace. Fouling caused by condensing alkali vapours can be produced by all five samples. The amount of alkali vapours in the flue gas was in the same order of magnitude for all five samples, in spite of large differences in their original alkali contents.

KW - Ash

KW - Biomass

KW - Equilibrium

KW - Forest residue

KW - Wood

KW - Ash

KW - Biomass

KW - Equilibrium

KW - Forest residue

KW - Wood

KW - Ash

KW - Biomass

KW - Equilibrium

KW - Forest residue

KW - Wood

U2 - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010

DO - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.010

M3 - Artikel

SN - 0961-9534

VL - 35

SP - 725

EP - 733

JO - Biomass and Bioenergy

JF - Biomass and Bioenergy

IS - 1

ER -