TY - JOUR
T1 - Ammonium salt-based steelmaking slag carbonation
T2 - Precipitation of CaCO 3 and ammonia losses assessment
AU - Eloneva, Sanni
AU - Mannisto, Pekka
AU - Said, Arshe
AU - Fogelholm, Carl Johan
AU - Zevenhoven, Ron
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/12
Y1 - 2011/12
N2 - A mineral carbonation method based on steelmaking slags and ammonium salt solutions has been found to have economical and CO 2 emission reduction potential. Although the aqueous solution of ammonium salt can be recycled, some of the solvent is likely to escape in a form of ammonia vapor within the outgoing gas fl ow during the carbonation step. In this study, the escape of ammonia vapor was investigated. The loss of NH 3 was found to be quite insignifi cant and in addition, the total solution loss per step was very small. The CO 2 content of the ingoing gas fl ow affected the rate of the CaCO 3 precipitation; the smaller the CO 2 content, the longer the duration of the carbonation reaction. However, the CO 2 content did not seem to have a signifi cant effect on the degree of CaCO 3 precipitation, indicating that CO 2 capture in a separate process step should not be needed. CaCO 3 precipitated in a form of calcite, although two of the precipitates also contained aragonite. Furthermore, the precipitates were found to be of high quality with bright white color, and fi ne and powdery texture. Nonetheless, in order to obtain high-quality CaCO 3, the precipitate resulting from the carbonation step should be washed with an adequate amount of water.
AB - A mineral carbonation method based on steelmaking slags and ammonium salt solutions has been found to have economical and CO 2 emission reduction potential. Although the aqueous solution of ammonium salt can be recycled, some of the solvent is likely to escape in a form of ammonia vapor within the outgoing gas fl ow during the carbonation step. In this study, the escape of ammonia vapor was investigated. The loss of NH 3 was found to be quite insignifi cant and in addition, the total solution loss per step was very small. The CO 2 content of the ingoing gas fl ow affected the rate of the CaCO 3 precipitation; the smaller the CO 2 content, the longer the duration of the carbonation reaction. However, the CO 2 content did not seem to have a signifi cant effect on the degree of CaCO 3 precipitation, indicating that CO 2 capture in a separate process step should not be needed. CaCO 3 precipitated in a form of calcite, although two of the precipitates also contained aragonite. Furthermore, the precipitates were found to be of high quality with bright white color, and fi ne and powdery texture. Nonetheless, in order to obtain high-quality CaCO 3, the precipitate resulting from the carbonation step should be washed with an adequate amount of water.
KW - Ammonia loss
KW - Ammonium salts
KW - Calcium carbonate
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - Mineral carbonation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84856928243&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ghg.37
DO - 10.1002/ghg.37
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84856928243
SN - 2152-3878
VL - 1
SP - 305
EP - 311
JO - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology
JF - Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology
IS - 4
ER -