Ammonia formation and release in the kraft recovery cycle: an overview

M Kymalainen, M Forssen, Nikolai De Martini, Mikko Hupa

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

    1 Citation (Scopus)

    Abstract

    A significant amount of nitrogen (N) - the amount corresponding to the amount of N in the NOx emission from the recovery boiler - converts to the form of ammonia (NH3) during green and white liquor processing. The NH3-forming compound is cyanate (OCN-), which originates in the smelt from the recovery boiler. There are several release points for this ammonia, bill in all, this ammonia is removed from the recovery process at latest during the first effects of black liquor evaporation.
    Original languageUndefined/Unknown
    Pages (from-to)38–41
    Number of pages4
    JournalPulp & Paper Canada
    Volume103
    Issue number5
    Publication statusPublished - 2002
    MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

    Keywords

    • ammonia
    • black liquors
    • kraft liquors
    • nitrogen
    • recovery furnaces
    • smelt synthesis

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